AI Superpowers经典读后感有感
《AI Superpowers》是一本由Kai-Fu Lee著作，Houghton Mifflin出版的Hardcover图书，本书定价：USD 28.00，页数：256，特精心从网络上整理的一些读者的读后感，希望对大家能有帮助。
●一本overview型的书，罗列了李的很多个人观点，虽然缺乏对其观点的论证过程，还是值得一看。我认为李对未来人机和谐相处的展望过于乐观…
●let's see what happens in 30 years. But wait, human beings need to take care of their environment for another 30 years..
●李博士眼中AI四種模式分析兼預測當下及未來中美AI之戰大PK，中方將以四局兩勝一平一負占先機，相信假以時日見分曉。中方AI「大樂透」將花落誰家未曾論及是全書一大遺珠，不過瑕不掩瑜，有所思。
●读完又忧心忡忡
●读的第一本开复老师的书！第一本关于AI的书，算是给我建立了AI段一些基本概念，感谢
●good book to look back at; (1) age of data and implementation (2) local entrepreneur vs. clean, consultant-type western managers; (3) four stages of AI: rec system-> business (B-side) -> perception (sensor) -> automation (4) love, prosperity, education and care; impact investing; labor economics
●比起AI，让人印象更为深刻的是作者家庭和整个台湾社会的默默温情
●从AI的发展讲到硅谷和中关村的竞争，延展到中美竞争，分门别类讲述两国的优势和劣势。但最核心的是作者癌症治愈过程中体悟到的，和谐共生以及珍爱家人。
●最后提起的“社会贡献制度”把广大失业人口想象得太温和有爱(e.g., unemployed should engage in care given industries and acc. credit) 整本书缺少的对大数据带来的问题(犯罪 个人隐私和国家边界)讨论较少 过于乐观 但是是值得从头读到尾的好书 写自己面对癌症的一章很personal也很搞笑(e.g., reading prediction paper and plug in his values-_-)|| 政府主导AI发展和基础设施的突破 便利v.隐私 人类与AI相比的优势 很多可以继续写下去的题目
●Some dramatic stories in Chinese IT world are exciting to read but some points are a bit repetitive. Not that many inspiring insights but some human interest stories.
《AI Superpowers》读后感(一)：作为赶超者的中国AI
将中国和美国作为AI时代的两大超级力量，在比较中展开对两国人工智能的发展史的介绍，尤其偏重中国的介绍。中国AI的后来居上是近两年的事，得益于AI研究群体的开放性，而随着几大AI数据巨头垄断性的占有数据资源——AI时代的石油，其研究日渐封闭以获取最大利益，未来AI研究如何发展？书中还有其他富有启发性的对比，如AI巨头打造电网的宏图与AI创业公司提供电池式AI解决方案的对比，美国硅谷的精英文化、使命意识与中国的纯市场导向的对比。
《AI Superpowers》读后感(二)：受益匪浅
读了开复老师这本书，真是受益匪浅。
国内这些企业家确实是厉害。抓到老鼠就是好猫，从这几十年的历史来看，确实是有很多好猫。有了这些好猫，中国的崛起撼动了世界。对以后的发展更有信心。长期来看，各个方面的事情应该都会往更好的方向发展的。
近些年网上的资源实在太多了，有很多非常好的资源，当然垃圾也是遍地都是。好的资源比如，MIT的ocw，EDX，Coursera，这里还是要说几句国内外教育的差距还是很大的，比如看MIT的课和清华的课，感觉完全不一样。至于为什么会有这么多垃圾呢，是人们自己的选择，那些垃圾正是很多人想要看的。关键在于每个人的选择，选择吸收哪些东西。
环境也很重要，就比如开复老师说的当年中科大学生熄灯后在路灯下读书。上学时就听说中科大的新生入学手续还没办好就开始看牛津词典，这种好的环境很少的。我是将近20年前上的一所还不算太差的高校，大一时环境还可以，以为寝室其他三个人经常去外面网吧玩，寝室经常只剩我自己一个人安静的看书，后来就糟了，他们买电脑搬回寝室了，而且寝室晚上不停电（估计中科大的学生会很羡慕晚上寝室不熄灯），搞得觉都睡不好。而且那么大的学校想找个能安静看书的地方非常难。这也选择有关，有些人选择用电脑和网络来学习来提高自己，有很多人选择来打游戏来做乱七八糟的事情。
深圳制造应该与富士康有很大关系，书中没有明确提出富士康，其实富士康的实力、作用还有精神应该非常重要。AI在工业互联网中也能发挥很大作用吧。
书最后写了Steve Jobs的Stanford演讲，这个演讲听了无数遍，还抄了一遍。
不管时代怎么进步，AI怎么发达，引领时代、走在前面的永远是那些少数优秀的人，其他的大部分什么是自己选择平庸的。大部分人都在梦游中过一辈子，稍微清醒一点就能过得很不错。
AI的进步能把很多人从工作中解放出来，减少人为钱工作，提供更多让money为人工作的机会。工作有job, career, calling, AI可以把人从job中解放出来，更多去选择自己的career，甚至是Calling. 将来人口无限扩张，建立地球以外的殖民地，工厂之类的可以建在离太阳更近的轨道上，能更有效地使用能量，这些工作都可以由AI来做。
不过怎么样，不管发生什么变化，不管AI发展到什么程度，作为人有这三样东西总是没错的：integrity, intelligence, energy. 而且绝不要self pity.
《AI Superpowers》读后感(三)：读后随感
以前读过开复老师的两本书《做最好的自己》和《向死而生——我修的死亡学分》，前一本让人热血沸腾，顿时有了拼搏努力的热情；后一本从工作、名利中抽身思考人生，细细体会身边的爱和美好。这样的写作风格转换恰好也用在这本新书中，前半部分讨论中国AI的崛起，回顾了中国互联网公司和产业的发展，让人感受到互联网科技和AI的蓬勃生命力和良好前景；后面讨论AI伦理，分析人与机器的不同，是爱和被爱，所以他设想了如何用社会服务工作来作为新的工作价值衡量标准，帮助人们实现智能时代的工作角色转型，建设一个更美好、有爱的社会。
开复老师是一个积极乐观的人，愿意去面对挑战、不断思考调整，这一点从他的文字中就可以看到。他回到国内的十余年，见证了互联网产业的快速发展和激烈竞争。他也分析了与硅谷的科技公司相比，中国的科技初创公司缺乏创新、山寨的原因，我觉得有一定道理。中国激烈的竞争环境、社会和家庭对于年轻人的期望，让年轻人走出校门后很快找一份（稳定的）工作，而不会慢下来进行一些思考、发明。但是，另一方面，这也使得这些科技公司能够持续进步，而不是长期凭着一两个专利就高枕无忧赚大钱，因为很快大批的效仿者就会后来者居上抢夺市场。而且，科技公司经过这样的历练，都很善于做针对顾客的本地化市场推广。文中有个小例子让我印象深刻。开复老师说他在Google中国工作时，研究人员发现中国和外国网络用户的上网习惯不同，搜索一个网页，中国用户喜欢浏览前面十个甚至二十个，而国外用户一般就点击前三个。Google当时与百度搜索引擎进行对比，发现在搜索条目、点击进入一个网页后，如果再点击里面的链接，此时：百度会新增加一个网页窗口；Google是跳转到另一个网页，这样无法回到前面的网页，就不方便浏览。因此，李开复力主改变了Google搜索的跳转方式，贴合用户上网习惯。
在讨论智能时代的前景时，对于人与机器的不同的思考，一开始听到"loving and being loved"，恍惚有一种在听心理学讲座的感觉，但是后来却有了更深的感悟。想起看Alphago的纪录片时，棋手樊麾说，AI让棋手能以一个新的角度看待自己、看待下棋。不要把AI当作对手，其实AI也帮助人们拓宽了认识世界的思路。现在对于AI伦理的讨论也有一些这样的意味，人们在繁忙的工作与拼搏中迷失了自我，当人和机器对比思考时，才发现人区别与机器最重要的一点，是感情、是爱。这么看，AI就像一面镜子，让我们更好地认识自己、思考人生。其实，机器本身没有情感，如果有，是设计者赋予ta的，因此，AI伦理的根源在人类自身。不禁想到"I, Robot"里一个人对机器人心理专家说，“其实，你也是人类心理专家。”
《AI Superpowers》读后感(四)：AI Superpowers笔记
Chapter 1: China’s Sputnik Moment
AlphaGo’s victory - a historical moment Machine learning Include Deep Learning Mavin Minsky, John McCarthy, Herbert Simon 2 camps of AI in history “rule-based” approach: symbolic systems and expert systems, attempt to teach computers to think by encoding a series of logical rules collected from real world experts in different field “neural network” approach: tried to reconstruct the human brain itself. They mimic the brain’s underlying architecture, constructing layers of artificial neurons that can receive and transmit info in a structure akin to our networks of biological neurons. They don’t give the networks rules, but simply feed lots and lots of examples of a given phenomenon - pictures, chess games, sounds - into the neural networks and let itself identify patterns within the data Neural Network was popular at once but plunged into winter during the 70s, until 2 things happened: upgrades in computing power and data, and Geoffrey Hilton’s discovery in training the new layers of artificial neurons in neural networks in the mid 2000s 2012, Hilton’s team won a major AI competition and generated deserved attention the AI battle requires the 4 inputs: China almost wins all abundant data hungry entrepreneurs - engineers, product managers AI scientists AI-friendly policy environment Be mindful of the psychological loss on humans once AI actually take over our jobsChapter 2: Copycats in the Coliseum
王兴抄袭：校内，人人，饭否，美团 他确实抄袭的，但他的抄袭对象groupon在struggle，但他的美团is now the 5th most valuable startup in the world eBay vs Taobao, eBay tried to buy Taobao at one point 3Q大战：奇虎360和腾讯：腾讯杀毒自动安装，360提示腾讯软件有安全问题，筛除腾讯软件上所有广告，警察来抓周鸿祎（360 founder） 开心网和人人：开心网当时贪便宜就用了kaixin001.com,开发了开心农场，超火爆，人人买了kaixin.com，说自己是真的开心网，把开心农场的用户都抢来，然后用人人合并了开心网。赔了kaixin001六万刀，一个月后以$740mil上市 百团大战：fierce competition，discount vs long term customer loyaltyChapter 3: China’s Alternate Internet Universe
From 2013 to 2015, local gov guising duns to startups quadrupled from $7B to $27B, Chinese VC funding quadrupled from $3B to $26B - a hurry to innovations 郭洪的中关村银行 中国O2O（美团，mobike，点评，etc）给了中国一大堆关于人名吃穿住行的data-which is vitally important is the AI international warChapter 4: A Tale of Two Countries
7 giants in AI that’s acquiring AI startups and experts like crazy: Google, Facebook, Amazon, Microsoft, Baidu, Alibaba, Tencent 2016, Obama released a plan to boost AI development but didn’t get much response, trump上台后还说要cut AI funding; 2017年中国发了一个similar plan，各种local gov马上发subsidies to boost AI development locallyChapter 5: The 4 Waves of AI
iFlyTek （科大讯飞） 4 waves internet AI & business AI replacing paralegals with algorithms, trading stocks, diagnosing illnesses - internet ai中美差不多，business ai美国目前最强（中国有很多衣食住行的data，但是公司数据data的记录方式乱七八糟，但是美国的corporate data比较standardized而且formatted） perception AI facial recognition, request understanding autonomous AI self-driving cars, autonomous drones, intelligent robots 滴滴在全球买了一堆ride sharing companies，formed an anti-Uber alliance around the globeChapter 6: Utopia, Dystopia, and the Real AI Crisis super-intelligence不是part of natural evolution, but a human creation, 我们没法predict他会给我们带来什么 Elon Musk and Stephen Hawking both agree superintelligence could be a huge risk we face as a civilization AI will hurt white-collar job first because it’s good at decision making and analysis, but it’s bad at sensory (moving things, etc) safest jobs: physical therapist, hair stylist, dog trainer, elderly home caretaker
《AI Superpowers》读后感(五)：低智能生存手册
2030年38%的工作会被AI取代，随之而来的贫富分化对人类社会的影响不可想象，这会是自工业时代以来人类要面对的最重大的挑战/重创。这再不会是提高生产效率、改善生活水平，然后依靠市场自动调节那么简单，因为那个时候的市场，将被机器和数据垄断。低智能的我们在未来的市场中将无法创造出足够的经济价值来维持自身生计。我们将如何面对被超级智能取代，会不会感到无力与无望，特别是年轻一代，发现社会竟然也不需要他们。也许那个时候，类似于你在哪儿上班、做什么之类的问题，那些可以帮助人们懒惰地形成对一个人的看法的问题，也终于可以消亡了。从工作中寻找自己（和别人）的人生意义的人，也终于可以有点别的天地。在各种窘迫之中，希望我们还是可以骄傲地相信，虽然我们是低智能的，但是我们可以爱。(“Building societies that thrive in the age of AI will require substantial changes to our economy but also a shift in culture and values. Centuries of living within the industrial economy have conditioned many of us to believe that our primary role in society (and even our identity) is found in productive, wage-earning work. Take that away and you have broken one of the strongest bonds between a person and his or her community. As we transition from the industrial age to the AI age, we will need to move away from a mindset that equates work with life or treats humans as variables in a grand productivity optimization algorithm. Instead, we must move toward a new culture that values human love, service, and compassion more than ever before.”)
Excerpts
A GRIM PICTURE
When we scan the economic horizon, we see that artificial intelligence promises to produce wealth on a scale never before seen in human history—something that should be a cause for celebration. But if left to its own devices, AI will also produce a global distribution of wealth that is not just more unequal but hopelessly so. AI-poor countries will find themselves unable to get a grip on the ladder of economic development, relegated to permanent subservient status. AI-rich countries will amass great wealth but also witness the widespread monopolization of the economy and a labor market divided into economic castes.
Make no mistake: this is not just the normal churn of capitalism’s creative destruction, a process that has previously helped lead to a new equilibrium of more jobs, higher wages, and a better quality of life for all. The free market is supposed to be self-correcting, but these self-correcting mechanisms break down in an economy driven by artificial intelligence. Low-cost labor provides no edge over machines, and data-driven monopolies are forever self-reinforcing. These forces are combining to create a unique historical phenomenon, one that will shake the foundations of our labor markets, economies, and societies. Even if the most dire predictions of job losses don’t fully materialize, the social impact of wrenching inequality could be just as traumatic. We may never build the folding cities of Hao Jingfang’s science fiction, but AI risks creating a twenty-first-century caste system, one that divides the population into the AI elite and what historian Yuval N. Harari has crudely called the “useless class,” people who can never generate enough economic value to support themselves. Even worse, recent history has shown us just how fragile our political institutions and social fabric can be in the face of intractable inequality. I fear that recent upheavals are only a dry run for the disruptions to come in the age of AI.
That loss of meaning and purpose has very real and serious consequences. Rates of depression triple among those unemployed for six months, and people looking for work are twice as likely to commit suicide as the gainfully employed. Alcohol abuse and opioid overdoses both rise alongside unemployment rates, with some scholars attributing rising mortality rates among uneducated white Americans to declining economic outcomes, a phenomenon they call “deaths of despair.” The psychological damage of AI-induced unemployment will cut even deeper. People will face the prospect of not just being temporarily out of work but of being permanently excluded from the functioning of the economy. They will watch as algorithms and robots easily outperform them at tasks and skills they spent their whole lives mastering. It will lead to a crushing feeling of futility, a sense of having become obsolete in one’s own skin. The winners of this AI economy will marvel at the awesome power of these machines. But the rest of humankind will be left to grapple with a far deeper question: when machines can do everything that we can, what does it mean to be human？